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03/28/2024 07:21:10 am

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Exoplanet Orbiting Three Suns is First to be Imaged from Earth

Thrice as hot

(Photo : SPHERE ) SPHERE image of HD 131399Ab

It sounds "Star Wars-sy" but an exoplanet orbiting three suns has been discovered by a team of astronomers led by the University of Arizona. It's the fifth discovery of its kind.

The exoplanet with three sunrises and sunsets is identified as HD 131399Ab. It's got the widest known orbit within a multi-star system yet discovered and is located some 340 light years from Earth in the constellation Centaurus.

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Equally important, it's one of only a few exoplanets that can be directly imaged from the Earth and is the first where an exoplanet orbits three suns. HD 131399Ab is also the first exoplanet discovered by SPHERE, one of the world's most advanced instruments dedicated to discovering exoplanets. SPHERE stands for the "Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research Instrument."

HD 131399Ab is believed to be some 16 million years old, making it one of the youngest exoplanets discovered to date. Its surface temperature is estimated at 850 Kelvin (1,070 degrees Fahrenheit or 580 degrees Celsius) and it weighs an estimated four Jupiter masses.

Kevin Wagner, a first-year PhD student at UA who discovered HD 131399Ab, said he's delighted "to have seen such a beautiful part of nature that nobody else has seen."

"For about half of the planet's orbit, which lasts 550 Earth-years, three stars are visible in the sky, the fainter two always much closer together, and changing in apparent separation from the brightest star throughout the year," said Wagner.

"For much of the planet's year, the stars appear close together, giving it a familiar night-side and day-side with a unique triple-sunset and sunrise each day. As the planet orbits and the stars grow further apart each day, they reach a point where the setting of one coincides with the rising of the other -- at which point the planet is in near-constant daytime for about one-quarter of its orbit, or roughly 140 Earth-years."

"I think nature will have some other surprises in store for us as we continue exploring," said Wagner.

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